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4 Facts about 'Ashura
FACT 1
It was the day where Allah s.w.t. saved Musa a.s. and the children of Israel from Fir'aun and their enemies.
Ibn 'Abbas r.a. said: "The Prophet s.a.w. came to Madinah and saw the Jews fasting on the day of 'Ashura. He said, 'What is this?' They said, 'This is a righteous day, it is the day when Allah saved the Children of Israel from their enemies, so Musa fasted on this day.' He said, 'We have more right to Musa than you.' so he fasted on that day and commanded [the Muslims] to fast on that
day," [Reported by Al-Bukhari, 1865]
FACT 2
Expiate the sins
The Prophet s.a.w. said, "Fasting the day of 'Ashura (is of great merits), I hope that Allah will accept it as an expiation for (the sins committed in) the previous year" [Reported by Muslim]
FACT 3
It is encouraged to fast on 9th Muharram as well
Ibn 'Abbas r.a. says: When the Prophet s.a.w. was fasting on 'Ashura and ordered others to fast it, people said: O Prophet, this is the day that Jews and Christians value, so the Prophet s.a.w. said, so next year if God willing we will fast on the 9th (as well.) Ibn 'Abbas says that the Prophet s.a.w. passes away before the year after. [Reported by Muslim, 1134]
FACT 4
It is not wrong to fast on 10th Muharram ONLY
Base on the previous hadith, it does not mentioned that the Prophet s.a.w. forbade fasting on 'Ashura alone. The Prophet s.a.w. merely responses to the concern of some of the believers by saying that the year after let's fast on the 9th as well. This can be considered at most as a recommendation.
Furthermore at our time there is no chance that by fasting on 'Ashura only, we would be confused with the followers of other religion, therefore the issue is not even applicable today.
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