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Abu Ali Al-Hussein Ibn Abdullah Ibn Sina, known in the West as Avicenna, was one of the most eminent Muslim physicians and philosophers of his days whose influence on Islamic and European medicine persisted for centuries. The Europeans called him the “Prince of Physicians”.
Ibn Sina was born in 980 AD in the village of Afshanah near the city of Bukhara in Central Asia, the capital of the Samani kingdom at that time, in the present country of Uzbekistan. His father, Abdullah, was from the city of Balkh and worked as a local governor for a village near Bukhara. His mother was a Tadjik woman named Sitara.
At the age of ten, he finished studying and memorizing the Qur'an by heart and was proficient in Arabic language and its literature classics. In the following 6 years, he devoted his time for studying Islamic law and jurisprudence, philosophy, logic and natural sciences. At the age of thirteen, he started studying the medical sciences. By the age of eighteen, he was a well established physician and his reputation became well known in his country and
beyond.
When the Sultan of Bukhara, Nuh Ibn Mansour of the Samanid dynasty, became seriously ill, Ibn Sina was summoned to treat him. After the recovery of the Sultan, Ibn Sina was rewarded and was given access to the royal library, a treasure trove for Ibn Sina who read its rare manuscripts and unique books thus adding more to his knowledge. After the Sultan’s death, and the defeat of the Samanid dynasty at the hands of the Turkish leader Mahmoud Ghaznawi, Ibn
Sina moved to Jerjan near the Capsian Sea. He lectured there on astronomy and logic and wrote the first part of his book “Al Qanun fi al Tibb”, better known in the West as “Canon”, his most significant medical work. Later, he moved to Al-Rayy (near modern Tehran) and had a medical practice there. He authored about 30 books during his stay there. He then moved to Hamadan. He cured its ruler Prince Emir Shams al-Dawlah of the Buyid dynasty from a severe colic. He became the Emir’s private
physician and confidant and was appointed as a Grand Viser (Prime Minister). When Shams al-Dawlah died, Ibn Sina wrote to the ruler of Isfahan for a position at his court. When the Emir of Hamadan became aware of this, he imprisoned Ibn Sina. While in prison, he wrote several books. After his release, he went to Isfahan. He spent his final years serving its ruler Emir Ala al-Dawlah. He died in 1037 AD at the age of 57. He was burried in the city of Hamadan. A monument was erected in that city
near the site of his grave.
It is claimed that Ibn Sina had written about 450 works, of which 240 had survived. However, his book Al Qanun fi al Tibb or simply the Canon is the most influential medical book ever written by a Muslim physician. It is a one million word medical encyclopedia representing a summation of Arabian medicine with its Greek roots, modified by the personal observations of Ibn Sina. This book was translated to Latin in the 12th century by Gerard of Cremona. It
became the textbook for medical education in Europe from the 12th to the 17th century. It is stated that in the last 30 years of the 15th century, the Canon passed through 15 Latin editions and one Hebrew edition.
Subhanallah. What an amazing contribution our hero has brought to out Islamic civilization. Its time for us to start appreciating their hardwork.
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