Assalamualaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh
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Moving on from the stories of Prophet Muhammad s.a.w. is the story of Al-Quran compilation. Today we will be looking into how Al-Quran was first compiled after the death of Prophet Muhammad s.a.w. and that was during the supervision of Abu Bakar As-Siddiq r.a.
When Al-Quran was revealed to Prophet Muhammad s.a.w., he saw the importance of preserving it. Thus, Prophet Muhammad s.a.w ensured that it was written down. Prophet Muhammad s.a.w. could neither read nor write, so he dictated the verses orally and instructed scribes to mark down the revelation on whatever materials were available: tree branches, stones, leather, and bones. The scribes would then read their writing back to the Prophet s.a.w. who
would check it for mistakes.
When Prophet Muhammad s.a.w. passed away, the compilation of Al-Quran was supervised by Abu Bakar As-Siddiq r.a.
The process of compiling the Al-Quran from the various written pages was done in four steps:
1. Zayd bin Thabit verified each verse with his own memory.
2. Umar ibn Al-Khattab verified each verse. Both men had memorized the entire Quran.
3. Two reliable witnesses had to testify that the verses were written in the presence of the Prophet Muhammad.
4. The verified written verses were collated with those from the collections of other Companions.
This method of cross-checking and verifying from more than one source was undertaken with the utmost care. The purpose was to prepare an organized document which the entire community could verify, endorse, and use as a resource when needed.
This complete text of the Quran was kept in the possession of Abu Bakar, and then passed on to the next Caliph, Umar ibn Al-Khattab. After his death, they were given to his daughter Hafsah (who was also a widow of the Prophet Muhammad s.a.w.).
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